Ku itariki ya 8 Nzeri 2026, Isi yizihizaga Umunsi Mpuzamahanga wo Gusoma no Kwandika (International Literacy Day) ku nshuro ya 60, ku nsanganyamatsiko igira iti “Literacy for people, the planet and prosperity”, mu Kinyarwanda insanganyamatsiko iragira iti: “Gusoma no Kwandika, Inkingi y’Iterambere.” Iyi nsanganyamatsiko igaragaza uruhare rukomeye rwo gusoma no kwandika mu guteza imbere imibereho myiza y’abantu, kubaka ejo hazaza mu buryo burambye no kwagura amahirwe y’akazi n’iterambere ry’ubukungu.

Uyu munsi wizihizwa buri mwaka ku rwego mpuzamahanga kuva mu 1967, ugamije kwibutsa abantu ko gusoma no kwandika atari ubumenyi busanzwe gusa, ahubwo ari ishingiro ry’nyakuri rikaba n’uburenganzira bwa muntu, ndetse n’imwe mu nkingi z’iterambere rirambye ry’imiryango n’ibihugu.

Mu Rwanda, Umunsi Mpuzamahanga wo Gusoma no Kwandika hamwe no gutangiza Ukwezi kwahariwe Gusoma no Kwandika byabaye ku wa 11 Nzeri 2026 ku ishuri rya GS Karembure mu Karere ka Kicukiro, aho Umushyitsi Mukuru yari Umuyobozi Mukuru w’ Urwego rw’ Igihugu rushinzwe guteza imbere Uburezi bw’ Ibanze (REB), Dr. Mbarushimana Nelson.

Uyu muhango wahuje inzego zitandukanye n’abafatanyabikorwa mu burezi mu guteza imbere gusoma no kwandika, hagamijwe kongera ubukangurambaga ku kamaro ko gusoma no kwandika, guteza imbere umuco wo gusoma no kugaragaza uruhare rw’iki gikorwa mu kubaka ubumenyi n’iterambere mu buryo burambye.

Mu ijambo rye, Umuyobozi Mukuru wa REB, Dr. Mbarushimana Nelson, yagaragaje ko gusoma no kwandika ari umusingi w’iterambere rirambye kandi ko atari inshingano ireba abana n’urubyiruko gusa, ahubwo ko ari inshingano ihuriweho n’abantu bose. Yasabye ko amashuri akomeza kuba ahantu umwana atorezwa gukunda gusoma no kwandika, kuko ari ho atangira kubaka umusingi w’ubumenyi azakoresha mu myigire ye no mu buzima bwe bwose.

“Ntangaje ku mugaragaro ko uyu munsi, u Rwanda rwizihiza Umunsi Mpuzamahanga wahariwe Gusoma no Kwandika, hatangijwe Ukwezi kwahariwe Gusoma no Kwandika mu Rwanda. Gusoma no kwandika ni umusingi w’iterambere rirambye kandi si iby’abato gusa. 

Dr. Mbarushimana yashimiye abafatanyabikorwa bose bagize uruhare mu gutegura no gutuma uyu muhango wo kwizihiza Umunsi Mpuzamahanga wo Gusoma no Kwandika no gutangiza Ukwezi kwahariwe Gusoma no Kwandika ugenda neza. Yagaragaje ko ubufatanye hagati ya REB, abafatanyabikorwa mu burezi n’izindi nzego ari ingenzi mu guteza imbere gahunda zigamije kuzamura ireme ry’ uburezi mu Rwanda. Umuyobozi Mukuru wa REB yashimiye abafatanyabikorwa barimo Cambridge Education binyuze muri LIFT Programme, World Vision, Ineza Foundation, Edified Generation, Room to Read, Espace Madiba, CNRU, Building Tomorrow na Food for the Hungry.

Yagize ati: “Turashimira abafatanyabikorwa bose bagize uruhare mu gutegura no gutuma uyu muhango ugenda neza. Uruhare rwanyu rugaragaza ko guteza imbere gusoma no kwandika ari inshingano dusangiye. Iyo inzego za Leta, abafatanyabikorwa, amashuri, ababyeyi n’abaturage bakorera hamwe, dushobora kubaka umuco wo gusoma no kwandika urambye kandi wagira akamaro ku Gihugu cyacu. 

Yagarutse kandi ku kamaro ko gukomeza gushyigikira ibikorwa bituma abana, urubyiruko n’abantu bakuru babona amahirwe yo gusoma, kwandika no kubara, anashimangira ko ibikorwa byo guteza imbere gusoma no kwandika bigomba gukomeza na nyuma y’uku kwezi, bikaba umuco uhoraho mu miryango, mu mashuri no mu masomero atandukanye.

Mu rwego rwo gutanga urugero rufatika rw’akamaro ko gusoma no gushishikariza abantu kurushaho kugira umuco wo gusoma, Umuyobozi Mukuru wa REB, Dr. Mbarushimana Nelson, ari kumwe na Nyakubahwa Ambasaderi w’u Bwongereza mu Rwanda ndetse n’Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Ishami rya UNESCO mu Rwanda, basomeye hamwe n’abanyeshuri ndetse n’ababyeyi bari bitabiriye uyu muhango inkuru zitandukanye kandi zishimishije. Iki gikorwa cyari kigamije kugaragaza ko gusoma ari igikorwa cyiza gituma ireme ry’ uburezi rikomeza kwimakazwa kandi ko buri wese ashobora kugira uruhare mu kubaka ubumwe bw’ Abanyarwanda habungabungwa umuco binyuze mu rurimi Gakondo.

Abanyeshuri batandukanye na bo basomeye abitabiriye umuhango inkuru zinyuranye, bagaragaza uburyo gusoma bishobora kuba igikorwa gishimisha, abanyeshuri bakiyungura ubumenyi kandi kikabafasha gukura ari intyoza bibaganisha kwihangira imirimo nko kuba abanditsi n’ibindi. Gusoma kw’abanyeshuri imbere y’abandi kandi byabaye urugero rwiza rwo gushishikariza bagenzi babo n’ababyeyi kumva ko gusoma bidakwiye kugarukira mu ishuri, ahubwo ko bikwiye kuba igikorwa gihoraho no mu rugo.

Mu butumwa yagejeje ku babyeyi, Umuyobozi Mukuru wa REB, Dr. Mbarushimana Nelson, yabibukije ko bafite uruhare rukomeye mu gufasha abana gukunda gusoma. Yabasabye kujya babasomera abana inkuru mu ngo, bakabaganiriza ku byo basomye ndetse bakanabafasha gusobanukirwa ubutumwa bukubiye muri izo nkuru.

Yashimangiye kandi ko gusomera abana atari ukubafasha gusa kongera ubushobozi bwo gusoma no kwandika, ahubwo ko ari n’umwanya mwiza wo kubatoza indangagaciro na kirazira by’Umuco Nyarwanda, binyuze mu nkuru zibigisha kubaha abandi, kugira ubunyangamugayo, gukunda igihugu, gufashanya no kugira imyitwarire myiza. Yasabye ababyeyi gufata umwanya wo kuganira n’abana ku nkuru basomye, kugira ngo ibyo bize bibafashe guhindura imyitwarire no kubaka umuryango urangwa n’indangagaciro nziza; barema ubusabane hagati yabo.

Mu gihe Isi imaze gutera intambwe mu guteza imbere ubumenyi bwo gusoma no kwandika, haracyari imbogamizi zikomeye. Kugeza ubu, nibura abantu bakuru miliyoni 800 ku Isi baracyabura ubumenyi bw’ibanze bwo gusoma no kwandika. Ibi bigaragaza ko hakenewe imbaraga zihoraho zo guteza imbere umuco wo gusoma no kwandika, no guha buri wese amahirwe yo kwiga no kugira uruhare mu iterambere.

Insanganyamatsiko n’ibyibandwaho muri 2026

Insanganyamatsiko y’Umunsi Mpuzamahanga wo Gusoma no Kwandika wa 2026, “Gusoma no Kwandika, Inkingi y’Iterambere”, ishimangira ko ubumenyi bwo gusoma no kwandika ari ingenzi mu guteza imbere ubuzima bw’abantu, kubungabunga ibidukikije no guteza imbere ubukungu n’imibereho myiza.

Mu Rwanda, insanganyamatsiko izibandaho ku ngingo eshatu z’ingenzi:

• Gusoma no kwandika, inkingi y’umuco n’ururimi rwacu;

• Gusoma no kwandika, inkingi yo kurengera ibidukikije;

• Gusoma no kwandika, irembo ry’iterambere rirambye.

Izi ngingo zigaragaza ko gusoma no kwandika bigira uruhare mu bice byinshi by’ubuzima bw’umuntu n’umuryango, kuva ku kubungabunga ururimi n’umuco kugeza ku kurengera ibidukikije no kubona amahirwe y’iterambere.

Gusoma no kwandika mu iterambere ry’u Rwanda

Mu Rwanda, guteza imbere gusoma no kwandika ni ingenzi mu kugera ku cyerekezo cy’igihugu cya Viziyo 2050 “Vision 2050”, aho igihugu kizaba gishingiye ku bumenyi, gifite abaturage bafite ubumenyi n’ubushobozi bwo guhanga udushya no kugira uruhare mu iterambere ry’ubukungu n’imibereho myiza. Guteza imbere ubushobozi bw’abanyeshuri mu gusoma no kwandika bijyanye n’ibyihutirwa byagaragajwe muri Education Sector Strategic Plan (ESSP) ndetse n’Ingamba zo Guteza Imbere Imyigire y’Ibanze (Foundational Learning Strategy).

Izi ngamba zitanga umurongo wo guteza imbere imyigire y’ibanze mu mashuri y’incuke no mu mashuri abanza, by’umwihariko mu byiciro byo hasi, hagamijwe kongera ubushobozi bwo gusoma, kwandika no kubara, no kurandura ikibazo cy’ubukene bw’imyigire (learning poverty).

Mu rwego rwo gushyira mu bikorwa izi gahunda, haribandwa ku kuzamura ubushobozi bw’abanyeshuri mu gusoma, kwandika no kubara mu mashuri y’incuke n’abanza, guteza imbere umusaruro w’imyigire mu mashuri yisumbuye, ndetse no kongera gahunda zigamije guteza imbere gusoma no kwandika ku bantu bakuru n’urubyiruko rutiga.

Intego rusange ni ukuzamura ireme ry’uburezi mu nzego zose, by’umwihariko gushimangira imyigire y’ibanze, kugira ngo buri mwana abone ubumenyi bwo gusoma no kwandika bumufasha gukomeza amashuri, no kugira uruhare mu iterambere ry’umuryango n’igihugu.

Soma Rwanda: Urubuga rwo guteza imbere umuco wo gusoma

Mu rwego rwo guteza imbere umuco wo gusoma mu Rwanda, mu 2012 Minisiteri y’Uburezi (MINEDUC), ibinyujije mu rwego rw’ Igihugu rushinzwe guteza imbere Uburezi bw’ ibanze (REB ), ku bufatanye n’abafatanyabikorwa batandukanye mu burezi, yatangije Soma Rwanda mu rwego rwo gukundisha abakiri bato ndetse n’abakuru umuco wo gusoma.

Soma Rwanda yashyizweho hagamijwe guteza imbere no gukwirakwiza umuco wo gusoma mu bana no mu bantu bakuru, no gushyigikira ibikorwa by’igihugu bigamije kuzamura ubumenyi bwo gusoma no kwandika mu bana n’urubyiruko.

Soma Rwanda kandi ihuza abafatanyabikorwa batandukanye mu guteza imbere gusoma no kwandika, ibafasha gusangira amakuru, guhanahana ubumenyi, gukorana no guteza imbere ibikorwa bitandukanye bigamije kwimakaza umuco wo gusoma no kwandika mu Rwanda.

Soma Rwanda si umuryango ushinzwe gushyira mu bikorwa ibikorwa bya buri munsi byo guteza imbere gusoma no kwandika, ahubwo ni urubuga rw’ubumenyi n’imikoranire ruhuza abafatanyabikorwa bahuriye ku ntego imwe yo guteza imbere ubumenyi bwo gusoma no kwandika no kwimakaza umuco wo gusoma no kwandika mu gihugu.

Uruhare rwa buri wese mu guteza imbere gusoma no kwandika

Guteza imbere umuco wo gusoma no kwandika si inshingano y’ibigo by’uburezi gusa. Ababyeyi, abarimu, abanyeshuri, abayobozi, abafatanyabikorwa n’abaturage muri rusange bashobora kugira uruhare muri iki gikorwa.

Mu Rwanda, abantu bashishikarizwa gukoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga mu gukangurira abandi akamaro ko gusoma no kwandika, gutanga igitabo nk’impano no kugiherekeza ubutumwa busobanura akamaro ko gusoma, cyangwa gutegura ibikorwa byo gukusanya ibitabo bikagezwa ku mashuri, mu bigo byita ku bageze mu zabukuru no muri gahunda zigenewe abantu bakuru.

Abaturage bashobora kandi gukoresha ibitabo by’amajwi (audiobooks), gutegura amarushanwa yo kwandika inyandiko, gushinga amatsinda yo gusoma no kuganira ku bitabo, ndetse no kwitabira ibikorwa byo gusoma bitegurwa n’amasomero rusange cyangwa amatsinda y’abakunda gusoma.

Ibi bikorwa, iyo bikozwe ku buryo buhoraho, bifasha gusoma kuva ku kuba igikorwa gikorerwa mu ishuri gusa bikaba umuco w’umuryango n’umuryango mugari.

Mu Rwanda, gahunda yo kwizihiza uyu munsi no gutangiza Ukwezi kwahariwe Gusoma no Kwandika ni amahirwe yo kurushaho gukangurira abantu bose ko gusoma no kwandika ari inkingi y’umuco, uburezi, ubukungu n’iterambere rirambye.

Iyo umwana asomye, yunguka ubumenyi; iyo umuryango usomye, yimakaza umuco wo kwiga; kandi iyo igihugu gifite abaturage bafite ubushobozi bwo gusoma, kwandika no kubara, kiba gifite umusingi ukomeye wo kugera ku iterambere rirambye.

Bityo, guteza imbere gusoma no kwandika ni inshingano ya buri wese, kandi ni igikorwa kigomba gukomeza kurenga ukwezi kwa Nzeri, kikaba umuco wa buri munsi mu ngo, mu mashuri no mu muryango mugari.

End